This was originally recorded by Little Richard, who was one of The Beatles' inspirations. The Beatles met Little Richard at the Star Club in Hamburg when they were performing there in 1962. They also met Billy Preston there, who was Little Richard's keyboard player. They didn't see him again until 1969 when George Harrison saw him at a concert and brought him in to play piano for The Beatles on "Don't Let Me Down" and "Get Back."
The Beatles recorded this in one take. Since they played it live so often, they had it down.
This was the last song The Beatles played at a paid concert. Their last show was at Candlestick Park in San Francisco on August 29, 1966. They played a meager bit of "In My Life" after it, but gave up and left the stage.
The Beatles frequently ended live sets with this.
This was the first song Paul McCartney ever played on stage. He was 11 years old and brought his brother up to play it with him. In the early Beatles days, it was his showcase song, and when he toured with his band Wings in 1973, he didn't play any Beatles songs, but did include a version of "Long Tall Sally."
This was The Kinks' first single. They decided to record it after seeing the reaction The Beatles got when they played it.
The Beatles also covered Little Richard's "Lucille" at early concerts. A version can be found on the Live At The BBC album.
Larry Williams makes a reference to "Long Tall Sally" in his opening lyrics to the song "Short Fat Fannie." The first verse in the song starts out with the lyrics, "I was slippin' and slidin' with a long tall Sally; Peekin' and a hidin',duck back in the alley." (thanks, Zeb - Charlotte, NC)